Published on in Vol 11 (2025)

1 Department of Senior Citizen Care and Welfare, Deh Yu College of Nursing and Health, Keelung City, Taiwan
2 Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
3 School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
4 Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
5 Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
6 Department of Microbiology & Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
7 Department of Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
8 Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
9 Department of Nursing, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
10 Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
*these authors contributed equally
