Combatting SARS-CoV-2 With Digital Contact Tracing and Notification: Navigating Six Points of Failure

Joanna Masel   ¹ , BSc, DPhil ;   James Ian Mackie Petrie   ^{2, 3, 4} , BASc, MMath, PhD ;   Jason Bay   ⁵ , BS, MSc ;   Wolfgang Ebbers   ⁶ , PhD ;   Aalekh Sharan   ⁷ , BEng, MBA ;   Scott Michael Leibrand   ⁸ , BS ;   Andreas Gebhard   ⁹ ;   Samuel Zimmerman   ¹⁰ , BA

¹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States

² Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

³ Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

⁴ Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

⁵ Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

⁶ Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Department of Public Administration and Sociology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands

⁷ Aarogya Setu, Government of India, New Delhi, India

⁸ Community Epidemiology in Action (coEpi), Seattle, WA, United States

⁹ Temporary Contact Number Protocol (TCN) Coalition, New York, NY, United States

¹⁰ PathCheck, Cambridge, MA, United States