COVID-19 Vaccine–Related Attitudes and Beliefs in Canada: National Cross-sectional Survey and Cluster Analysis

Jamie L Benham   ^{1, 2} , MD, PhD ;   Omid Atabati   ³ , MSc ;   Robert J Oxoby   ³ , PhD ;   Mehdi Mourali   ⁴ , PhD ;   Blake Shaffer   ³ , PhD ;   Hasan Sheikh   ⁵ , MPA, MD ;   Jean-Christophe Boucher   ⁶ , PhD ;   Cora Constantinescu   ² , MSc, MD ;   Jeanna Parsons Leigh   ⁷ , PhD ;   Noah M Ivers   ⁸ , MD, PhD ;   Scott C Ratzan   ⁹ , MPA, MA, MD ;   Madison M Fullerton   ² , MSc ;   Theresa Tang   ² , BHSc ;   Braden J Manns   ^{1, 2} , MSc, MD ;   Deborah A Marshall   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Jia Hu   ^{2 *} , MD ;   Raynell Lang   ^{1 *} , MSc, MD

¹ Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

² Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

³ Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

⁴ Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

⁵ Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁶ School of Public Policy and Department of Political Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

⁷ School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

⁸ Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁹ School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States

*these authors contributed equally