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Published on in Vol 12 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/81033, first published .
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The Impact of US Food and Drug Administration’s Advisory and Enforcement Actions on US Sales of Esco Bars Products in 2023: Synthetic Control Approach

The Impact of US Food and Drug Administration’s Advisory and Enforcement Actions on US Sales of Esco Bars Products in 2023: Synthetic Control Approach

Hyungsik Shin   1 , PhD ;   Jonathan Hannings   1 , MA ;   Zachary Cahn   1 , PhD ;   Xin Xu   1 , PhD ;   Robin Toblin   1 , PhD ;   Matthew Farrelly   1 , PhD ;   Brian A King   1 , PhD

1 Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States

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