Smoking Behavior Change and the Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

Jung Eun Yoo   ¹ , MD, PhD ;   Su-Min Jeong   ² , MD ;   Kyu Na Lee   ³ , BS ;   Heesun Lee   ⁴ , MD, PhD ;   Ji Won Yoon   ⁵ , MD, PhD ;   Kyungdo Han   ^{3 *} , PhD ;   Dong Wook Shin   ^{6, 7, 8 *} , MD, MBA, DrPH

¹ Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

² Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³ Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁴ Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁵ Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁶ Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁷ Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁸ Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally