Using the New “Life’s Essential 8” Metrics to Evaluate Trends in Cardiovascular Health Among US Adults From 2005 to 2018: Analysis of Serial Cross-sectional Studies

Cheng Li   ^{1 *} , BA ;   Yanzhi Li   ^{2 *} , MSc ;   Min Zhao   ³ , MD ;   Cheng Zhang   ⁴ , MD ;   Pascal Bovet   ⁵ , MD ;   Bo Xi   ¹ , MD

¹ Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China

² Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

³ Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China

⁴ Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascu, Shandong University, Jinan, China

⁵ Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

*these authors contributed equally