Machine Learning to Detect Self-Reporting of Symptoms, Testing Access, and Recovery Associated With COVID-19 on Twitter: Retrospective Big Data Infoveillance Study

Tim Mackey   ^{1, 2, 3, 4} , MAS, PhD ;   Vidya Purushothaman   ^{2, 5} , MBBS, MAS ;   Jiawei Li   ^{1, 2, 3, 4} , MS ;   Neal Shah   ^{1, 4} , BS ;   Matthew Nali   ^{1, 3} , BA ;   Cortni Bardier   ⁶ , BA ;   Bryan Liang   ^{2, 3} , MD, JD, PhD ;   Mingxiang Cai   ^{2, 3, 7} , MS ;   Raphael Cuomo   ^{1, 2} , MPH, PhD

¹ Department of Anesthesiology and Division of Global Public Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

² Global Health Policy Institute, San Diego, CA, United States

³ S-3 Research LLC, San Diego, CA, United States

⁴ Department of Healthcare Research and Policy, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States

⁵ Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

⁶ Masters Program in Global Health, Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

⁷ Masters Program in Computer Science, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States