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An Automated Clinical Laboratory Decision Support System for Test Utilization, Medical Necessity Verification, and Payment Processing

An Automated Clinical Laboratory Decision Support System for Test Utilization, Medical Necessity Verification, and Payment Processing

Laboratory testing plays a key role in clinical decision-making and physician orders for laboratory tests are increasing [1,2]. It is estimated that at least 20% of the 4-5 billion lab orders submitted annually in the United States are inappropriate. Studies have shown that overutilization and underutilization of laboratory tests occur 20.6% and 44.8% of the time, respectively [3].

Safedin Beqaj, Rojeet Shrestha, Tim Hamill

Interact J Med Res 2025;14:e46007

Using Laboratory Test Results for Surveillance During a New Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis in 3-Week- to 5-Year-Old Children in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Ireland, and Curaçao: Observational Cohort Study

Using Laboratory Test Results for Surveillance During a New Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis in 3-Week- to 5-Year-Old Children in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Ireland, and Curaçao: Observational Cohort Study

Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver and is characterized by an increase in transaminase levels, for which quantitative recordings are available in clinical laboratory databases [9,10]. These routinely collected laboratory data are rarely exploited for public health surveillance, but could be used as an opportunistic measure for disease surveillance in new or periodic outbreaks.

Maaike C Swets, Steven R Kerr, Brian MacKenna, Louis Fisher, Merel van Wijnen, Diederik Brandwagt, Paul W Schenk, Pieter Fraaij, Leonardus G Visser, Sebastian Bacon, Amir Mehrkar, Alistair Nichol, Patrick Twomey, Philippa C Matthews, ISARIC4C Hepatitis Study Group, Malcolm G Semple, Geert H Groeneveld, Ben Goldacre, Iain Jones, J Kenneth Baillie

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e55376

Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Throat Swabs Performed With or Without Specimen Collection From the Tonsils: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Throat Swabs Performed With or Without Specimen Collection From the Tonsils: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

The test center in Denmark’s PCR laboratory at Statens Serum Institut, which performs the PCR analyses for this study, is ISO/IEC 17025 accredited. The participants enrolled in the study will receive an online questionnaire 3 months after enrollment to follow up on the number and length of symptoms after they were tested (see Multimedia Appendix 1). This trial was reported to the Regional Ethics Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark which considered it exempted from further processing (H-22022937).

Benedikte Hartvigsen, Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen, Thomas Benfield, Niels Tobias Gredal, Annette Kjær Ersbøll, Mathias Waldemar Grønlund, Henning Bundgaard, Mikkel Porsborg Andersen, Nina Steenhard, Christian von Buchwald, Tobias Todsen

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e47446

Laboratory Data Timeliness and Completeness Improves Following Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Information System in Côte d’Ivoire: Quasi-Experimental Study on 21 Clinical Laboratories From 2014 to 2020

Laboratory Data Timeliness and Completeness Improves Following Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Information System in Côte d’Ivoire: Quasi-Experimental Study on 21 Clinical Laboratories From 2014 to 2020

Health care providers depend on laboratory results to decide on differentiated care models and tuberculosis screening [6]. For a national HIV program to be highly successful and reduce HIV-related deaths, the health system must integrate data from an effective clinical laboratory system. Access to quality laboratory services remains a challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and many still rely on paper-based records [7].

Yao He, Yves-Rolland Kouabenan, Paul Henri Assoa, Nancy Puttkammer, Bradley H Wagenaar, Hong Xiao, Stephen Gloyd, Noah G Hoffman, Pascal Komena, N'zi Pierre Fourier Kamelan, Casey Iiams-Hauser, Adama Sanogo Pongathie, Alain Kouakou, Jan Flowers, Nadine Abiola, Natacha Kohemun, Jean-Bernard Amani, Christiane Adje-Toure, Lucy A Perrone

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e50407

Pediatric and Young Adult Household Transmission of the Initial Waves of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States: Administrative Claims Study

Pediatric and Young Adult Household Transmission of the Initial Waves of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States: Administrative Claims Study

The data source contained comprehensive inpatient and outpatient claims records, laboratory test results, and individual and various aggregated demographic information. In this study, we leveraged the outpatient laboratory data set for SARS-Co V-2 to assemble the cohort. The Harvard Medical School Institutional Review Board waived the approval requirement for this study as our database analysis is not regarded as human participants research (IRB20-0935).

Ming Kei Chung, Brian Hart, Mauricio Santillana, Chirag J Patel

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e44249

Internet Tool to Support Self-Assessment and Self-Swabbing of Sore Throat: Development and Feasibility Study

Internet Tool to Support Self-Assessment and Self-Swabbing of Sore Throat: Development and Feasibility Study

Samples can be sent to a laboratory for culture-based testing; tested using a rapid antigen detection test, which has a sensitivity of 70%-90% for GABHS [2] and can provide a result in a few minutes; or could potentially be used for novel tests involving molecular techniques [10] and testing for evidence of host response. However, throat swabbing has traditionally only been available as part of a face-to-face consultation, and it is unclear whether patients or parents are able to self-sample at home.

Mark Lown, Kirsten A Smith, Ingrid Muller, Catherine Woods, Emma Maund, Kirsty Rogers, Taeko Becque, Gail Hayward, Michael Moore, Paul Little, Margaret Glogowska, Alastair Hay, Beth Stuart, Efi Mantzourani, Christopher R Wilcox, Natalie Thompson, Nick A Francis

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e39791

Effectiveness of Self-Collected, Ambient Temperature–Preserved Nasal Swabs Compared to Samples Collected by Trained Staff for Genotyping of Respiratory Viruses by Shotgun RNA Sequencing: Comparative Study

Effectiveness of Self-Collected, Ambient Temperature–Preserved Nasal Swabs Compared to Samples Collected by Trained Staff for Genotyping of Respiratory Viruses by Shotgun RNA Sequencing: Comparative Study

Challenges to global control of SARS-Co V-2 have underscored the need for accurate, safe, and rapidly scalable laboratory testing to inform rapid diagnosis and implementation of appropriate clinical and public health measures. Furthermore, early detection of emerging infectious disease threats is critical to limit spread. Over the last 4 decades, 1-3 newly emerging pathogens have been identified annually [1].

Raymond Soto, Litty Paul, Christina A Porucznik, Heng Xie, Rita Czako Stinnett, Benjamin Briggs, Matthew Biggerstaff, Joseph Stanford, Robert Schlaberg

JMIR Form Res 2023;7:e32848

Effects of Using Different Indirect Techniques on the Calculation of Reference Intervals: Observational Study

Effects of Using Different Indirect Techniques on the Calculation of Reference Intervals: Observational Study

Therefore, every laboratory should establish RIs suitable for its specific service populations. Previous studies have demonstrated that RIs can be established through direct, indirect, and transference methods [2], each of which has particular applicable conditions and relative advantages. Generally, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) endorses direct methods over the other 2 types of methods [2].

Dan Yang, Zihan Su, Runqing Mu, Yingying Diao, Xin Zhang, Yusi Liu, Shuo Wang, Xu Wang, Lei Zhao, Hongyi Wang, Min Zhao

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e45651

A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: Reuse of Routinely Obtained Laboratory Data in Research

A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: Reuse of Routinely Obtained Laboratory Data in Research

In 2005, the Central Diagnostic Laboratory of the University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) began collecting EHRs, including raw data from our International Organization for Standardization (ISO)-15189 certified laboratory, and compiling them in the Utrecht Patient Orientated Database (UPOD) [4].

L Malin Overmars, Michael S A Niemantsverdriet, T Katrien J Groenhof, Mark C H De Groot, Cornelia A R Hulsbergen-Veelken, Wouter W Van Solinge, Ruben E A Musson, Maarten J Ten Berg, Imo E Hoefer, Saskia Haitjema

J Med Internet Res 2022;24(11):e40516

Drill-Hole Bone Defects in Animal Models of Bone Healing: Protocol for a Systematic Review

Drill-Hole Bone Defects in Animal Models of Bone Healing: Protocol for a Systematic Review

This systematic review aims to provide a detailed description of the different methods used to induce drill-hole bone defects in long bones of laboratory animals and to provide a comprehensive overview of their methodology and potential for investigation of bone healing. This research question has been formulated following the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework [29]. This review will include all in vivo animal studies using drill-hole bone defects.

Frederik Duch Bromer, Mikkel Bo Brent, Jesper Skovhus Thomsen, Annemarie Brüel

JMIR Res Protoc 2022;11(7):e34887