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Published on in Vol 12 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/84952, first published .

Andreas Yiallouris   1 ;   Charalampos Filippou   1 ;   Christina Merakou   1 ;   Christos D Argyropoulos   2 ;   Sophia C Themistocleous   1 ;   George Shiamakkides   1 ;   Andreas Sarantopoulos   1 ;   Ahmed Razi Shaikh   1 ;   Evgenia Noula   1 ;   Andria Nearchou   1 ;   Elizabeth O Johnson   1 ;   Maria Papaconstantinou-Leontidou   1 ;   Charis Armeftis   1 ;   George Astras   1 ;   Fiona A Stewart   3, 4 ;   Kerstin Albus   3, 4 ;   Jon Salmanton-García   3, 4 ;   Janina Leckler   3, 4 ;   Anna Maria Azzini   5 ;   Ruth Joanna Davis   5 ;   Lenka Součková   6 ;   Helena H Askling   7 ;   Tobias Lindström Battle   8 ;   Elena Álvarez-Barco   9 ;   Augustina Mozeryte   10 ;   Dimitrios Poulimeneas   11 ;   Ioannis Kopsidas   11 ;   Jana Baranda Prellezo   12, 13 ;   Olena Valdenmaiier   14 ;   Stine F Jakobsen   14 ;   Rebecca Jane Cox   15 ;   Margot Hellemans   16 ;   Greet Hendrickx   16 ;   Pierre van Damme   16 ;   Jordi Ochando   13 ;   Theoklis E Zaoutis   11 ;   Ligita Jancoriene   10 ;   Patrick Mallon   9 ;   Pontus Nauclér   7 ;   Petr Husa   6 ;   Evelina Tacconelli   5 ;   Oliver A Cornely   3, 4, 17, 18 ;   Zoi-Dorothea Pana   19

1 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus

2 Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemicals and Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

3 Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

4 Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

5 Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Infectious Diseases, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

6 Department of Pharmacology, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

7 Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

8 Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

9 Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

10 Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Physics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania

11 Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), Athens, Greece

12 National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

13 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and of Health, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain

14 Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

15 Department of Clinical Science, Influenza Centre, Bergen Energi (Norway), Bergen, Norway

16 VAXINFECTIO, Centre of Evaluation of Vaccination, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

17 Partner Site Bonn Cologne, German Center for Infection Research, Cologne, Germany

18 Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

19 Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus

Corresponding Author:

  • Zoi-Dorothea Pana
  • Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences
  • School of Medicine, University of Nicosia
  • 6 Makedonitissas Avenue
  • Nicosia CY-2417
  • Cyprus
  • Phone: 357 22 841500
  • Email: pana.z@unic.ac.cy