Persistence and Variation of the Indirect Effects of COVID-19 Restrictions on the Spectrum of Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China: Analysis of National Surveillance Among Children and Adolescents From 2018 to 2021

Li Chen   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Liping Wang   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Yi Xing   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Junqing Xie   ³ , PhD ;   Binbin Su   ⁴ , PhD ;   Mengjie Geng   ² , PhD ;   Xiang Ren   ² , PhD ;   Yi Zhang   ¹ , MD ;   Jieyu Liu   ¹ , PhD ;   Tao Ma   ¹ , MD ;   Manman Chen   ¹ , PhD ;   Jessica E Miller   ^{5, 6} , PhD ;   Yanhui Dong   ¹ , PhD ;   Yi Song   ¹ , PhD ;   Jun Ma   ¹ , PhD ;   Susan Sawyer   ⁵ , PhD

¹ Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China

² Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

³ Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

⁴ Institute of Population Research, Peking University Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Health Sciences Academy, Beijing, China

⁵ Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

⁶ Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

*these authors contributed equally