An International Study of the Ability and Cost-Effectiveness of Advertising Methods to Facilitate Study Participant Self-Enrolment Into a Pilot Pharmacovigilance Study During Early Pregnancy

Jonathan Luke Richardson   ^{1, 2} , BSc (Hons),PhD Student ;   Sally Stephens   ^{1, 2 *} , BSc (Hons),PhD ;   Simon Hugh Lynton Thomas   ^{1, 2 *} , BSc, MBBS, MRCP, MD, FRCP, FRCP (Edin) ;   Anna Jamry-Dziurla   ^{3 *} , MSc ;   Lolkje de Jong-van den Berg   ^{4 *} , PharmD,PhD ;   Priscilla Zetstra - van der Woude   ^{4 *} , MSc ;   Maja Laursen   ^{5 *} , MSc,PhD ;   Valerie Hliva   ^{6 *} , PhD ;   Shahrul Mt-Isa   ^{7 *} , BSc,PhD ;   Alison Bourke   ^{8 *} , BSc,MSc ;   Nancy A Dreyer   ^{9 *} , MPH,PhD ;   Stella CF Blackburn   ^{10 *} , MSc,MBBS

¹ The UK Teratology Information Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

² Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

³ Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

⁴ Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology and PharmacoEconomics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

⁵ Department of Data Delivery and Medicinal Product Statistics, The Danish Health Data Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark

⁶ Quintiles Real-World and Late Phase Research, St. Prex, Switzerland

⁷ Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

⁸ Real World Evidence Solutions, IMS Health, London, United Kingdom

⁹ Quintiles Real-World & Late Phase Research, Cambridge, MA, United States

¹⁰ Quintiles Real-World and Late Phase Research, Reading, United Kingdom

*these authors contributed equally