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Machine Learning–Based Explainable Automated Nonlinear Computation Scoring System for Health Score and an Application for Prediction of Perioperative Stroke: Retrospective Study

Machine Learning–Based Explainable Automated Nonlinear Computation Scoring System for Health Score and an Application for Prediction of Perioperative Stroke: Retrospective Study

This traditional scoring system is used to assess the risk of major adverse cardiac events including stroke in noncardiac surgery. The Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) is composed of the factors mentioned above, such as type of surgery, history of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, preoperative treatment with insulin, and a preoperative creatinine level greater than 2 mg/d L [13]. The RCRI was used as the comparative score.

Mi-Young Oh, Hee-Soo Kim, Young Mi Jung, Hyung-Chul Lee, Seung-Bo Lee, Seung Mi Lee

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e58021

Assessing Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes and Generating an Orthopedic Research Outcome Database via a Natural Language Processing Pipeline: Development and Validation Study

Assessing Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes and Generating an Orthopedic Research Outcome Database via a Natural Language Processing Pipeline: Development and Validation Study

Patients undergoing surgery were provided with a consent form at the time of intake, which was signed before the procedure. Patients who continued to be followed up subsequently signed consent forms that were applicable retrospectively. Data were anonymized before analysis. Data from 1290 patients undergoing 1304 primary DAA THAs using a Hana Orthopedic Surgery Table (Mizuho OSI), with the same surgical team and implants.

Nicholas H Mast, Clara L. Oeste, Dries Hens

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e64705

Prehabilitation Program for Lung and Esophageal Cancers (Boosting Recovery and Activity Through Early Wellness): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Trial

Prehabilitation Program for Lung and Esophageal Cancers (Boosting Recovery and Activity Through Early Wellness): Protocol for a Nonrandomized Trial

Although surgery contributes to improved outcomes, the 30-day postoperative mortality risk are as high as 10% and 2.8% for lung and esophageal cancers, respectively [4,5]. Postoperative complications (eg, pneumonia and pain) pose a significant risk to patients undergoing curative-intent, lung and esophageal cancer surgeries [6].

Jodi E Langley, Daniel Sibley, Joy Chiekwe, Melanie R Keats, Stephanie Snow, Judith Purcell, Stephen Sollows, Leslie Hill, David Watton, Abbigael E Gaudry, Ibrahim Hashish, Alison Wallace

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e60791

Validity, Accuracy, and Safety Assessment of an Aerobic Interval Training Using an App-Based Prehabilitation Program (PROTEGO MAXIMA Trial) Before Major Surgery: Prospective, Interventional Pilot Study

Validity, Accuracy, and Safety Assessment of an Aerobic Interval Training Using an App-Based Prehabilitation Program (PROTEGO MAXIMA Trial) Before Major Surgery: Prospective, Interventional Pilot Study

Postoperative complications occur in 15%-40% of patients undergoing major surgery, potentially resulting in life-threatening conditions, a decline in quality of life, or reduced physical functioning [1-3]. Adverse events (AEs) associated with surgical procedures impose a significant financial burden due to additional costs from intensive care treatment, reoperations, or prolonged hospital stays [4,5].

Sara Fatima Faqar Uz Zaman, Svenja Sliwinski, Lisa Mohr-Wetzel, Julia Dreilich, Natalie Filmann, Charlotte Detemble, Dora Zmuc, Felix Chun, Wojciech Derwich, Waldemar Schreiner, Wolf Bechstein, Johannes Fleckenstein, Andreas A Schnitzbauer

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e55298

Assessment of Geriatric Problems and Risk Factors for Delirium in Surgical Medicine: Protocol for Multidisciplinary Prospective Clinical Study

Assessment of Geriatric Problems and Risk Factors for Delirium in Surgical Medicine: Protocol for Multidisciplinary Prospective Clinical Study

This prospective clinical observational study analyzes the frequency and risk factors for perioperative delirium in patients after surgical treatment in the Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, the Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, General Surgery, and the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery of the University Hospital of Düsseldorf in the intensive care unit and normal ward.

Henriette Louise Möllmann, Eman Alhammadi, Soufian Boulghoudan, Julian Kuhlmann, Anica Mevissen, Philipp Olbrich, Louisa Rahm, Helmut Frohnhofen

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e59203

A Patient-Oriented Implementation Strategy for a Perioperative mHealth Intervention: Feasibility Cohort Study

A Patient-Oriented Implementation Strategy for a Perioperative mHealth Intervention: Feasibility Cohort Study

Day surgery—defined as admittance to and discharge from a hospital within 24 hours following surgery—has seen a marked increase in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries over the past decades [1]. The appeal of day surgery derives from multiple factors, including its reduced cost, decreased morbidity and mortality, and high levels of patient satisfaction [2-6]. When it comes to postsurgical recovery, however, the reports are more nuanced.

Daan Toben, Astrid de Wind, Eva van der Meij, Judith A F Huirne, Johannes R Anema

JMIR Perioper Med 2025;8:e58878

Impact of Preventive Intravenous Amiodarone on Reperfusion Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Impact of Preventive Intravenous Amiodarone on Reperfusion Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the r VF after removal of the ACC during cardiac surgery. In patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the unique myocardial structure hinders the complete perfusion of fluid during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery to reach the subendocardial cardiomyocytes. This limitation diminishes the efficacy of myocardial protection in open-heart surgery [5].

Chan-Juan Gong, Xiao-Kai Zhou, Zhen-Feng Zhang, Yin Fang

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e64586

Development and Validation of a Routine Electronic Health Record-Based Delirium Prediction Model for Surgical Patients Without Dementia: Retrospective Case-Control Study

Development and Validation of a Routine Electronic Health Record-Based Delirium Prediction Model for Surgical Patients Without Dementia: Retrospective Case-Control Study

We identified all surgical hospitalizations for patients aged 50 years and older who underwent surgery requiring general anesthesia at an IU Health facility between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2021; had a length of stay of at least 1 day; and did not have preexisting dementia.

Emma Holler, Christina Ludema, Zina Ben Miled, Molly Rosenberg, Corey Kalbaugh, Malaz Boustani, Sanjay Mohanty

JMIR Perioper Med 2025;8:e59422

Stress Reduction in Perioperative Care: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Stress Reduction in Perioperative Care: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Participants aged 12 to 65 years who underwent various surgeries, including cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, coronary artery bypass surgery, cardiac valve replacement, prostate, kidney, or bladder cancer surgery, hip or knee replacement, maxillofacial surgery, orthognathic surgery, or scoliosis. Adult participants were required to have an Android smartphone and demonstrate basic digital literacy, while children’s caregivers also needed to have an Android smartphone and basic digital literacy.

Haridimos Kondylakis, Irene Alice Chicchi Giglioli, Dimitrios Katehakis, Hatice Aldemir, Paul Zikas, George Papagiannakis, Santiago Hors-Fraile, Pedro L González-Sanz, Konstantinos Apostolakis, Constantine Stephanidis, Francisco J Núñez-Benjumea, Rosa M Baños-Rivera, Luis Fernandez-Luque, Angelina Kouroubali

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e54049

Automated Pathologic TN Classification Prediction and Rationale Generation From Lung Cancer Surgical Pathology Reports Using a Large Language Model Fine-Tuned With Chain-of-Thought: Algorithm Development and Validation Study

Automated Pathologic TN Classification Prediction and Rationale Generation From Lung Cancer Surgical Pathology Reports Using a Large Language Model Fine-Tuned With Chain-of-Thought: Algorithm Development and Validation Study

First, we selected 7831 surgical pathology reports from patients who had undergone surgery and were diagnosed with lung cancer, as indicated by the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code C34. Second, since the lung cancer surgical pathology reports contained information on multiple lesion locations, we separated the report for each lesion individually.

Sanghwan Kim, Sowon Jang, Borham Kim, Leonard Sunwoo, Seok Kim, Jin-Haeng Chung, Sejin Nam, Hyeongmin Cho, Donghyoung Lee, Keehyuck Lee, Sooyoung Yoo

JMIR Med Inform 2024;12:e67056