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Large Language Models for Thematic Summarization in Qualitative Health Care Research: Comparative Analysis of Model and Human Performance

Large Language Models for Thematic Summarization in Qualitative Health Care Research: Comparative Analysis of Model and Human Performance

This study does not involve human subjects, identifiable private information, or direct interactions with individuals. Instead, it relies exclusively on publicly available, anonymized social media posts. Consequently, institutional review board approval was deemed unnecessary. The LDA analysis identified 310 topics. In thematic analysis, the team considered the topics identified, groups of words, and representative blog post samples in each topic and categorized the 310 topics into 58 subthemes.

Arturo Castellanos, Haoqiang Jiang, Paulo Gomes, Debra Vander Meer, Alfred Castillo

JMIR AI 2025;4:e64447

Health Care Professionals' Engagement With Digital Mental Health Interventions in the United Kingdom and China: Mixed Methods Study on Engagement Factors and Design Implications

Health Care Professionals' Engagement With Digital Mental Health Interventions in the United Kingdom and China: Mixed Methods Study on Engagement Factors and Design Implications

An option to enter their email address to be contacted for the interview; a separate interview information sheet and consent form were then emailed to participants. The survey was designed to obtain demographic data and staff’s experience with and perception of DMHIs. The questions are tailored by the research team to the study objectives and focus on the following categories: Demographic information, including gender, age, job role, and time being an HCP.

Zheyuan Zhang, Sijin Sun, Laura Moradbakhti, Andrew Hall, Celine Mougenot, Juan Chen, Rafael A Calvo

JMIR Ment Health 2025;12:e67190

Patient and Clinician Perspectives on Alert-Based Remote Monitoring–First Care for Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices: Semistructured Interview Study Within the Veterans Health Administration

Patient and Clinician Perspectives on Alert-Based Remote Monitoring–First Care for Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices: Semistructured Interview Study Within the Veterans Health Administration

We conducted both clinician and patient interviews until reaching thematic saturation on two criteria, (1) no new concepts were identified in iterative analysis interviews (code frequency counts) and (2) there was consistent repetition among interviewee responses without any new information being added to existing codes (code meaning) [19,20].

Allison Kratka, Thomas L Rotering, Scott Munson, Merritt H Raitt, Mary A Whooley, Sanket S Dhruva

JMIR Cardio 2025;9:e66215

Mobile Apps and Wearable Devices for Cardiovascular Health: Narrative Review

Mobile Apps and Wearable Devices for Cardiovascular Health: Narrative Review

While simply providing an app or wearable in German did not automatically qualify it as DACH-specific, those developed by creators from Germany, Austria, or Switzerland, with a focus on their respective health care systems, were deemed as such. Secondly, the app or wearable was considered DACH-specific if the company behind it was based in one of the DACH countries.

Gauri Kumari Chauhan, Patrick Vavken, Christine Jacob

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e65782

Using a Hybrid of AI and Template-Based Method in Automatic Item Generation to Create Multiple-Choice Questions in Medical Education: Hybrid AIG

Using a Hybrid of AI and Template-Based Method in Automatic Item Generation to Create Multiple-Choice Questions in Medical Education: Hybrid AIG

For example, an AI might generate content that includes incorrect information, such as asserting that “the human heart only has two chambers” [24], or misinterpret the complexity level required for a medical education context. Furthermore, the “black box” [25] nature of these AI models complicates diagnosing and correcting these errors within the AI mechanism, as it is challenging to trace back how the AI arrived at a particular output.

Yavuz Selim Kıyak, Andrzej A Kononowicz

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e65726

Multilevel Factors and Indicators of Atypical Neurodevelopment During Early Infancy in Japan: Prospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study

Multilevel Factors and Indicators of Atypical Neurodevelopment During Early Infancy in Japan: Prospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study

These maternal background and perinatal data were obtained by combining information from medical records and parents’ reports up to the first month postpartum check-up. The median maternal age was 36 (IQR 32-29) years, and 3 (N=144, 2%) mothers had a smoking history during their current pregnancy. The most prevalent educational level for both parents was a university degree (48/144, 33% mothers and 64/144, 44% fathers).

Daigo Kato, Akiko Okuno, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Shoji Itakura, Shinji Oguchi, Yoshiyuki Kasahara, Kenji Kanenishi, Yuzo Kitadai, Yoshitaka Kimura, Naoki Shimojo, Kazushige Nakahara, Akiko Hanai, Hiromichi Hamada, Haruta Mogami, Seiichi Morokuma, Kazuhiro Sakurada, Yukuo Konishi, Eiryo Kawakami

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2025;8:e58337

Effect of Home-Based Virtual Reality Training on Upper Extremity Recovery in Patients With Stroke: Systematic Review

Effect of Home-Based Virtual Reality Training on Upper Extremity Recovery in Patients With Stroke: Systematic Review

However, existing research shows varied effects of VR training systems on upper extremity function, with differences particularly evident between commercial and customized VR systems. Commercial VR systems, designed primarily for general consumer use, are often marketed for gaming and entertainment purposes rather than rehabilitation [17].

Jiaqi Huang, Yixi Wei, Ping Zhou, Xiaokuo He, Hai Li, Xijun Wei

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e69003

Modernizing the Staging of Parkinson Disease Using Digital Health Technology

Modernizing the Staging of Parkinson Disease Using Digital Health Technology

Given this difficulty, every effort must be made to improve diagnostic accuracy in PD [6] to provide individuals with PD with more accurate prognostic information, facilitate enrollment in early disease-modifying trials in PD, and initiate therapeutics to improve quality of life.

John Michael Templeton, Christian Poellabauer, Sandra Schneider, Morteza Rahimi, Taofeek Braimoh, Fhaheem Tadamarry, Jason Margolesky, Shanna Burke, Zeina Al Masry

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e63105

The Role of AI in Nursing Education and Practice: Umbrella Review

The Role of AI in Nursing Education and Practice: Umbrella Review

The studies predominantly focused on 3 domains: research, which emphasized the development, validation, and ethical considerations of AI technologies; practice, which explored AI’s integration into workflows, decision-making, and care delivery, including predictive analytics and clinical decision support systems; and education, which examined AI’s potential in transforming nursing training through tools such as large language models (LLMs), virtual reality (VR) simulations, and personalized learning systems

Rabie Adel El Arab, Omayma Abdulaziz Al Moosa, Fuad H Abuadas, Joel Somerville

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e69881

Psychological Factors Influencing Appropriate Reliance on AI-enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems: Experimental Web-Based Study Among Dermatologists

Psychological Factors Influencing Appropriate Reliance on AI-enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems: Experimental Web-Based Study Among Dermatologists

CDSSs are valuable tools that assist clinicians in their decision-making processes by providing targeted clinical knowledge, patient information, and other relevant health data. CDSSs play a central role in managing large amounts of data [29] and ensuring the retrieval of relevant information. CDSSs do not make decisions autonomously. However, the integration of machine learning and AI, such as CNNs, has significantly enhanced their capabilities [30]. 

Alisa Küper, Georg Christian Lodde, Elisabeth Livingstone, Dirk Schadendorf, Nicole Krämer

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e58660