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Association Among Household Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Status and Typhoid Risk in Urban Slums: Prospective Cohort Study in Bangladesh

Association Among Household Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Status and Typhoid Risk in Urban Slums: Prospective Cohort Study in Bangladesh

Our earlier work demonstrated that existing improvements in WASH facilities in a Kolkata slum were associated with reduced risk of typhoid (hazard ratio [HR]=0.57, 95% CI 0.37-0.90; P=.015) [8]. In this work, we developed a decision tree defining “Good” versus “Not Good” household WASH using 4 variables: source of drinking water, hand washing with soap, presence of flush toilet, and source of daily water use.

Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse, Farhana Khanam, Faisal Ahmmed, Xinxue Liu, Md Taufiqul Islam, Deok Ryun Kim, Sophie SY Kang, Justin Im, Fahima Chowdhury, Tasnuva Ahmed, Asma Binte Aziz, Masuma Hoque, Juyeon Park, Gideok Pak, Hyon Jin Jeon, Khalequ Zaman, Ashraful Islam Khan, Jerome H Kim, Florian Marks, Firdausi Qadri, John D Clemens

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023;9:e41207