TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tam, Hon Lon
AU  - Chair, Sek Ying
AU  - Leung, Isaac Sze Him
AU  - Leung, Leona Yuen Ling
AU  - Chan, Alex Siu Wing
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/3/31
TI  - US Adults Practicing Healthy Lifestyles Before and During COVID-19: Comparative Analysis of National Surveys
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
SP  - e45697
VL  - 9
KW  - healthy lifestyle
KW  - health risk behaviors
KW  - habits
KW  - noncommunicable diseases
KW  - population surveillance
KW  - Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System
KW  - BRFSS
AB  - Background: Practicing healthy lifestyles can reduce the risk to develop noncommunicable diseases and the related mortality. Studies showed that practicing healthy lifestyles could enhance disease-free life expectancy and preserve bodily functions. However, engagement in healthy lifestyle behavior was suboptimal. Objective: This study aimed to define individuals’ lifestyle characteristics before and during COVID-19 and determine the factors associated with practicing a healthy lifestyle. This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2019 and 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. Methods: US individuals aged ≥18 years were interviewed via phone call. Healthy lifestyles were assessed through corresponding questions regarding the maintenance of optimal body weight, physical activity, daily consumption of at least five portions of fruits and vegetables, current smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Missing data were imputed using a package in the R statistical software. The effects of practicing a healthy lifestyle on cases without missing data and those with imputation were reported. Results: There were 550,607 respondents (272,543 and 278,064 from 2019 and 2021, respectively) included in this analysis. The rates of practicing a healthy lifestyle were 4% (10,955/272,543) and 3.6% (10,139/278,064) in 2019 and 2021, respectively. Although 36.6% (160,629/438,693) of all 2021 respondents had missing data, the results of the logistic regression analysis for cases without missing data and those with imputation were similar. Of the cases with imputation, women (odds ratio [OR] 1.87) residing in urban areas (OR 1.24) with high education levels (OR 1.73) and good or better health status (OR 1.59) were more likely to practice healthier lifestyles than young individuals (OR 0.51-0.67) with a low household income (OR 0.74-0.78) and chronic health conditions (OR 0.48-0.74). Conclusions: A healthy lifestyle should be strongly promoted at the community level. In particular, factors associated with a low rate of practice of healthy lifestyles should be targeted. 
SN  - 2369-2960
UR  - https://publichealth.jmir.org/2023/1/e45697
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/45697
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36940169
DO  - 10.2196/45697
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/45697
ER  -