%0 Journal Article
%@ 2369-2960
%I JMIR Publications
%V 4
%N 4
%P e10262
%T How Twitter Can Support the HIV/AIDS Response to Achieve the 2030 Eradication Goal: In-Depth Thematic Analysis of World AIDS Day Tweets
%A Odlum,Michelle
%A Yoon,Sunmoo
%A Broadwell,Peter
%A Brewer,Russell
%A Kuang,Da
%+ Columbia University Medical Center, 560 W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, United States, 1 347 806 2090, mlo12@columbia.edu
%K community
%K human rights
%K social network
%K infodemiology
%K infoveillence
%K Twitter
%D 2018
%7 22.11.2018
%9 Original Paper
%J JMIR Public Health Surveill
%G English
%X Background: HIV/AIDS is a tremendous public health crisis, with a call for its eradication by 2030. A human rights response through civil society engagement is critical to support and sustain HIV eradication efforts. However, ongoing civil engagement is a challenge. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the use of Twitter data to assess public sentiment in support of civil society engagement. Methods: Tweets were collected during World AIDS Days 2014 and 2015. A total of 39,940 unique tweets (>10 billion users) in 2014 and 78,215 unique tweets (>33 billion users) in 2015 were analyzed. Response frequencies were aggregated using natural language processing. Hierarchical rank-2 nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm generated a hierarchy of tweets into binary trees. Tweet hierarchy clusters were thematically organized by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS core action principles and categorized under HIV/AIDS Prevention, Treatment or Care, or Support. Results: Topics tweeted 35 times or more were visualized. Results show a decrease in 2015 in the frequency of tweets associated with the fight to end HIV/AIDS, the recognition of women, and to achieve an AIDS-free generation. Moreover, an increase in tweets was associated with an integrative approach to the HIV/AIDS response. Hierarchical thematic differences in 2015 included no prevention discussion and the recognition of the pandemic’s impact and discrimination. In addition, a decrease was observed in motivation to fast track the pandemic’s end and combat HIV/AIDS. Conclusions: The human rights–based response to HIV/AIDS eradication is critical. Findings demonstrate the usefulness of Twitter as a low-cost method to assess public sentiment for enhanced knowledge, increased hope, and revitalized expectations for HIV/AIDS eradication. 
%M 30467102
%R 10.2196/10262
%U http://publichealth.jmir.org/2018/4/e10262/
%U https://doi.org/10.2196/10262
%U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30467102