@Article{info:doi/10.2196/55356,
author="McNeil, Carrie
and Divi, Nomita
and Bargeron IV, Charles Thomas
and Capobianco Dondona, Andrea
and Ernst, Kacey C
and Gupta, Angela S
and Fasominu, Olukayode
and Keatts, Lucy
and Kelly, Terra
and Leal Neto, Onicio B
and Lwin, May O
and Makhasi, Mvuyo
and Mutagahywa, Eric Beda
and Montecino-Latorre, Diego
and Olson, Sarah
and Pandit, Pranav S
and Paolotti, Daniela
and Parker, Matt C
and Samad, Muhammad Haiman
and Sewalk, Kara
and Sheldenkar, Anita
and Srikitjakarn, Lertrak
and Suy Lan, Chann{\'e}
and Wilkes, Michael
and Yano, Terdsak
and Smolinski, Mark",
title="Data Parameters From Participatory Surveillance Systems in Human, Animal, and Environmental Health From Around the Globe: Descriptive Analysis",
journal="JMIR Public Health Surveill",
year="2025",
month="Mar",
day="26",
volume="11",
pages="e55356",
keywords="participatory surveillance; One Health; citizen science; community-based surveillance; digital disease detection; environmental health; wildlife health; livestock health; human health; data standards",
abstract="Background: Emerging pathogens and zoonotic spillover highlight the need for One Health surveillance to detect outbreaks as early as possible. Participatory surveillance empowers communities to collect data at the source on the health of animals, people, and the environment. Technological advances increase the use and scope of these systems. This initiative sought to collate information from active participatory surveillance systems to better understand parameters collected across the One Health spectrum. Objective: This study aims to develop a compendium of One Health data parameters by examining participatory surveillance systems active in 2023. The expected outcomes of the compendium were to pinpoint specific parameters related to human, animal, and environmental health collected globally by participatory surveillance systems and to detail how each parameter is collected. The compendium was designed to help understand which parameters are currently collected and serve as a reference for future systems and for data standardization initiatives. Methods: Contacts associated with the 60 systems identified through the One Health Participatory Surveillance System Map were invited by email to provide specific data parameters, methodologies used for data collection, and parameter-specific considerations. Information was received from 38 (63{\%}) active systems. Data were compiled into a searchable spreadsheet-based compendium organized into 5 sections: general, livestock, wildlife, environmental, and human parameters. An advisory group comprising experts in One Health participatory surveillance reviewed the collected parameters, refined the compendium structure, and contributed to the descriptive analysis. Results: A comprehensive compendium of data parameters from a diverse array of single-sector and multisector participatory surveillance systems was collated and reviewed. The compendium includes parameters from 38 systems used in Africa (n=3, 8{\%}), Asia (n=9, 24{\%}), Europe (n=12, 32{\%}), Australia (n=3, 8{\%}), and the Americas (n=12, 32{\%}). Almost one-third of the systems (n=11, 29{\%}) collect data across multiple sectors. Many (n=17, 45{\%}) focus solely on human health. Variations in data collection techniques were observed for commonly used parameters, such as demographics and clinical signs or symptoms. Most human health systems collected parameters from a cohort of users tracking their own health over time, whereas many wildlife and environmental systems incorporated event-based parameters. Conclusions: Several participatory surveillance systems have already adopted a One Health approach, enhancing traditional surveillance by identifying shared health threats among animals, people, and the environment. The compendium reveals substantial variation in how parameters are collected, underscoring the need for further work in system interoperability and data standards to allow for timely data sharing across systems during outbreaks. Parameters collated from across the One Health spectrum represent a valuable resource for informing the development of future systems and identifying opportunities to expand existing systems for multisector surveillance. ",
issn="2369-2960",
doi="10.2196/55356",
url="https://publichealth.jmir.org/2025/1/e55356",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/55356"
}